The
. (1) pair of mammary gland has the direct action hormone
. Estrogen (estrogen,e): Mainly by ovary graafian follicle secretion,the adrenal gland and the testicle also may secrete the few estrogen,then pregnancy mid and late part estrogen main origin in placenta chorion epidermis. In the estrogen the biological activity strongest is the estradiol (E2). In youth development period,the ovary graafian follicle is mature,starts to secrete the massive estrogen,the estrogen may promote the mammary gland drive pipe epidermis proliferation,around the galactophore and the small leaf the knot contracts the organization growth,causes the galactophore extension and the branching. The estrogen is mature to the mammary gland small leaf formation and the mammary gland,cannot alone play the role,must have the integrity pituitary gland functional system control. The estrogen may stimulate the prehypophysis synthesis and the release urges the young element,thus promotes the mammary gland growth; But the large dose estrogen may compete urges the young element acceptor,thus suppresses urges the young element to secrete the breast function. In gestation period,estrogen in other hormone like lutein and so on under synergism,also may promote the acinus growth and the milk production. The exogenetic estrogen may cause the ovary animal's mammary gland organization proliferation,his/her the cell multiplication index is higher than the normal mammary gland organization obviously. The estrogen also may cause the mammary gland vasodilatation,permeability increase
. Progestogen (progesterone,p): Also calls the lutein,mainly secretes by ovary Huang Ti,the gestation period secretes by the placenta. In the progestogen most has biological activity is the progesterone,its main function for promotes the mammary gland small leaf and the acinus growth,in estrogen stimulation mammary gland drive pipe growth foundation,enable the mammary gland to obtain the full growth. The large dose progestogen suppression urges the young element to secrete the breast function. Progestogen to mammary gland growth influence,not only must have the estrogen synergism,moreover also must have the integrity pituitary gland functional system. The experiment indicated,is excising the pituitary gland to castrate the big mouse,the mammary gland lacks completely to the progesterone response. The progestogen possibly is urges the young element through the stimulation pituitary gland secretion,but if also possibly is through enhances the mammary gland epithelial cell to urge the young element the reactivity to complete together to the mammary gland growth function
. Urges the young element (prolactin,pRL): One kind of protein hormone secretes which by the prehypophysis oxyphil. Its main function for promotes the mammary gland growth growth,the launch and the maintenance secretes the breast. Urges the young element and the mammary gland epithelial cell PRL acceptor union,has a series of responses,including stimulation alpha - lactalbumin synthesis,uracil nucleotide transformation,mammary gland cell Na ion transformation and fatty acid synthesis,stimulation mammary gland acinus growth and promotion milk production and secretion. In youth development period,urges the young element in the estrogen,progestogen and under other hormone together function,can urge the mammary gland growth; May enable the mammary gland in the gestation period to obtain the full growth,causes the mammary gland small leaf at the end of end drive pipe to develop into the small acinus,in order to nurse finishes the preparation. Gestation period massive female,the progestogen suppressed has urged the young element to secrete the breast function; After childbirth,female,progestogen level rapid drop,relieved to has urged the young element the inhibitory action,simultaneously urges the young element the secretion also massively to increase,the mammary gland starts to secrete the breast. Hereafter,along with rule nursing establishment,the baby sucks the nipple to have the reflection unceasingly,the stimulation prehypophysis secretion urges the young element,thus causes to secrete the breast to be possible to maintain for several months to several years. Urges the young element the secretion,under receives the cerebral ganglion to urge the young element inhibiting factor with to urge the young element release factor and other hormone adjustment. Medicines and so on laevo-rotatory multi-Pakistan and bromine hidden pavilion may suppress urge the young element the secretion; Presses the thyroid gland release hormone,5- hydroxy tryptamine and certain medicines (for example reserpine,the chlorine third qin) and so on may promote to urge the young element the secretion; Small dosage estrogen,the progestogen may promote the pituitary gland secretion to urge the young element,but large dose estrogen,the progestogen may suppress urges the young element the secretion
The
. (2) pair of mammary gland plays the indirect role hormone
. Graafian follicle stimulin (follicle-stimulating hormone,fSH): Secretes by the prehypophysis. The main function for stimulates the ovary secretion estrogen,thus to mammary gland growth and physiological function adjustment indirect function
. Presses the yellow body generator (luteinizing hormone,lH): Secretes by the prehypophysis. The main function produces the lutein for the stimulation,thus to mammary gland growth and physiological function adjustment indirect function
. Pitocin (oxytocin): Secretes by the pituitary gland later generations. Has the function in the breast-feeding period which the promotion milk discharges
. androgen.;
. growth hormone,gN),adrenal cortex hormone (adrenocortico-hormo ne),thyroxin (thyroxine) and insulin (insulin) and so on,these hormones exercise the indirect function to the mammary gland growth and each kind of function. (womimi.net)
This chapterfrom:Breast Health (http://www.womimi.net),copy please specify.
| 